Traditional Croque Madame Recipe
Croque madame is a beloved French café classic that elevates a simple ham and cheese sandwich into a truly decadent experience. This iconic sandwich layers toasted bread with thinly sliced ham and melted Gruyere cheese, topped generously with a luxurious béchamel sauce before being broiled until golden and bubbling.
- 4 tablespoons unsalted butter, divided
- 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour
- 1 cup whole milk
- ½ teaspoon kosher salt, plus additional to taste
- ⅛ teaspoon ground black pepper, plus additional to taste
- 4 slices rustic bread
- 4 ounces thinly sliced ham
- 1 ½ cups grated Gruyere cheese, plus extra for optional topping
- 1 teaspoon Dijon mustard
- 2 large eggs
- 1 tablespoon chopped chives
- Prepare the bechamel: In a saucepan, heat 2 tablespoon butter over medium heat until melted.
- Add flour and cook, whisking, for 1 minute.
- Reduce heat to low and slowly add milk, whisking to combine, until mixture is smooth.
- Continue to cook until thickened enough to coat the back of a spoon.
- Stir in ½ teaspoon salt and ⅛ teaspoon pepper. Set aside.
- In a clean pan, heat ½ tablespoon butter over medium heat until melted.
- Place 2 slices of bread in the pan and toast until lightly golden brown.
- Turn off heat. Top each slice of bread in pan evenly with mustard, then ham, then cheese.
- Coat remaining slices of bread evenly with mustard and place, mustard-side down, over cheese.
- Transfer sandwiches to a small baking sheet and melt ½ tablespoon butter in pan.
- Flip sandwiches and place into the pan to toast the remaining sides.
- Transfer back to a small baking sheet.
- Turn on oven to broil setting.
- Spoon bechamel evenly over sandwiches. (Optional: Top with additional 2 ounces of Gruyere cheese.)
- Broil for 2 to 3 minutes or until the bechamel is toasted in spots, then transfer to plates.
- Heat remaining 1 tablespoon butter in pan over medium heat.
- Add eggs and fry until whites are set but yolks are runny.
- Top sandwiches with fried eggs and chives. Serve immediately.
“The first time I tried a croque madame was outdoors at a French café, and I can still remember that first bite. For me, it's an incredible sandwich that outranks any other.”
Recipe developer Katie Rosenhouse tells us, "The first time I tried a croque madame was outdoors at a French café, and I can still remember that first bite. For me, it's an incredible sandwich that outranks any other." Despite being such a delicious, decadent dining experience, it's not all too difficult to make a croque madame at home — no Parisian cafe required.
Gather the ingredients for a traditional croque madame
The ingredient list for croque madame may be simple, but each component adds incredible depth and flavor. Start with your choice of rustic bread — something simple in flavor to let the robust flavors of the sandwich shine. A layer of Dijon mustard brings a tangy kick to wake up the flavors, while thinly sliced ham and Gruyere cheese give the sandwich its signature French flair and nutty richness. If Gruyere isn't available, try Emmental, Comté, or even Swiss cheese.
Once assembled, the sandwich is toasted in butter until golden and crisp, then generously topped with a creamy béchamel sauce. This sauce, made from a roux of butter and flour, is loosened up with milk and seasoned with salt and pepper. For a twist, you could add a pinch of nutmeg or swap in half-and-half for an extra creamy sauce.
To finish the croque madame, a perfectly fried egg is layered on top, with a sprinkle of chopped chives for a pop of color and freshness. You can also switch up the egg preparation — poached eggs create an even more delicate texture. The result is a luxurious, melty sandwich that's perfect for an indulgent breakfast, brunch, or lunch.
